Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV/AIDS Patients in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang: Socio-demographic Profile and Drug Evaluation
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the socio-demographic characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients and to evaluate the appropriateness of antiretroviral drugs use. The study was a descriptive-evaluative with quantitative and qualitative methods using retrospective data within 2015 from Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Medical records of HIV/AIDS patients in both sexes aged 18-65 were included. The socio-demographic profiles were examined, while the appropriateness of drug use was evaluated and compared with standard treatment of the hospital. A number of 89 out of 136 medical records were included, with 76,40% men counted. Patients were mostly at the age range of 26-35 years old (41.57%), dominated with married men/women (58.43%) and those who were senior high school-graduated (56.18%). Private employees and housewife were among the highest percentage (19.10% each). The transmission of the disease was mostly acquired through sexual intercourse (61.80%), mostly with sex workers (38.33%). Evaluation on the drug use showed that the antiretroviral drugs were used in 100% of appropriateness of indication and dose, while only 97.76% of the patients received appropriate drug selection. The study also revealed that 10.11% of the patients had potential drug interaction. The antiretroviral treatment requires the appropriate drug selection to improve the efficacy. Clinical pharmacists are encouraged to participate in the antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS patients..
Article Details
The authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication simultaneously under the Creative Commons Attribution License. This license allows others to share the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to deposit their articles in institutional repositories, on their personal websites, or in other online repositories after the article has been published in JSFK.
References
AIDSinfo. (2017). HIV/AIDS: The Basics. Retrieved September 25, 2017, from https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv-aids/fact-sheets/19/45/hiv-aids--the-basics
World Health Organization (WHO). (2017b). HIV/AIDS: Fact Sheet. Retrieved September 25, 2017, from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/en/
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). (2017). UNAIDS Data 2017. Retrieved September 25, 2017, from http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2017/2017_data_book
Yayasan Spiritia. (2017). Statistik Kasus HIV/AIDS di Indonesia. Retrieved September 25, 2017, from http://spiritia.or.id/Stats/Statistik.php
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2011). Pedoman Nasional Tatalaksana Klinis Infeksi HIV dan Terapi Antiretroviral pada Orang Dewasa. Kemenkes RI.
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). (2014). Fast-Track strategy to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Retrieved September 25, 2017, from http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/campaigns/World-AIDS-Day-Report-2014/
Ruxrungtham, K., Brown, T., & Phanuphak, P. (2004). HIV/AIDS in Asia. The Lancet, 364(9428), 69–82.
Hearst, N., & Chen, S. (2004). Condom promotion for AIDS prevention in the developing world: Is it working? Studies in Family Planning, 35(1), 39–47.
Ng, M., Gakidou, E., Levin-Rector, A., Khera, A., Murray, C. J. L., & Dandona, L. (2011). Assessment of population-level effect of Avahan, an HIV-prevention initiative in India. The Lancet, 378(9803), 1643–1652.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2005). HIV prevalence, unrecognized infection, and HIV testing among men who have sex with men--five U.S. cities, June 2004-April 2005. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 54(24), 597–601.
Glynn, J. R., Caraël, M., Auvert, B., Kahindo, M., Chege, J., Musonda, R., … Buvé, A. (2001). Why do young women have a much higher prevalence of HIV than young men? A study in Kisumu, Kenya and Ndola, Zambia. AIDS, 15(Suppl 4), S51–S60.
Straub, D. M., Pomputius, P., Boyer, C. B., Someillan, N. S., & Perrin, K. (2007). HIV Prevention Education and Testing among Youth: Is There a Correlation? Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(1), 105–107.
Borgia, P., Marinacci, C., Schifano, P., & Perucci, C. A. (2005). Is peer education the best approach for HIV prevention in schools? Findings from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Adolescent Health, 36(6), 508–516.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No 62 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Rumah Sakit (2016).
World Health Organization (WHO). (2015). Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: what’s new. Retrieved October 25, 2017, from http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/arv/policy-brief-arv-2015/en/
Hosseinipour, M. C., Gupta, R. K., Van Zyl, G., Eron, J. J., & Nachega, J. B. (2013). Emergence of HIV drug resistance during first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 207(Suppl 2), S49–S56.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2017a). Guidelines: HIV. Retrieved September 25, 2017, from http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/en/
Kanters, S., Vitoria, M., Doherty, M., Socias, M. E., Ford, N., Forrest, J. I., … Mills, E. J. (2016). Comparative efficacy and safety of first-line antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet HIV, 3(11), e510–e520.
Kredo, T., Mauff, K., Workman, L., Van der Walt, J. S., Wiesner, L., Smith, P. J., … Barnes, K. I. (2015). The interaction between artemether-lumefantrine and lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected patients. BMC Infectious Diseases, 16(1), 30.
Tseng, A. L., la Porte, C., & Salit, I. E. (2013). Significant interaction between activated charcoal and antiretroviral therapy leading to subtherapeutic drug concentrations, virological breakthrough and development of resistance. Antiviral Therapy, 18(5), 735–738.
Ribera, E., Pou, L., Fernandez-Sola, A., Campos, F., Lopez, R. M., Ocaña, I., … Pahissa, A. (2001). Rifampin reduces concentrations of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in serum in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 45(11), 3238–3241.
Lopez-Cortes, L. F., Ruiz-Valderas, R., Viciana, P., AlarcOn-GonzAlez, A., Gomez-Mateos, J., Leon-Jimenez, E., … Pachon, J. (2002). Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Efavirenz and Rifampicin in HIV-Infected Patients with Tuberculosis. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 41(9), 681–690.
Wakeham, K., Parkes-Ratanshi, R., Watson, V., Ggayi, A. B., Khoo, S., & Lalloo, D. G. (2009). Co-administration of fluconazole increases nevirapine concentrations in HIV-infected Ugandans. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 65(2), 316–319.
Burger, D. M., Meenhorst, P. L., Koks, C. H. W., & Beijnen, J. H. (1993). Pharmacokinetic interaction between rifampin and zidovudine. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 37(7), 1426–1431.
Tseng, A., Foisy, M., Hughes, C. A., Kelly, D., Chan, S., Dayneka, N., … Yoong, D. (2012). Role of the Pharmacist in Caring for Patients with HIV/AIDS: Clinical Practice Guidelines. The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 65(2), 125–145.
Permatasari, J., Almasdy, D., & Raveinal, R. (2017). Pengaruh Konseling Farmasis Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Pasien HIV/AIDS di Poliklinik VCT RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis, 3(2), 178-185.