Efektivitas Ekstrak Biji Teratai (Nymphaea pubescens Willd) dalam Meningkatkan Perilaku Neurokognitif pada Mencit yang Diinduksi Trimetiltin
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Abstract
Neurodegenerasi adalah penyakit yang mengakibatkan degenerasi progresif dan kematian sel saraf di otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap khasiat neuroprotektif ekstrak biji teratai (Nymphaea pubescens Willd) melalui analisis perilaku neurokognitif. Sebanyak 25 ekor mencit jantan dibagi secara acak menjadi 5 perlakuan: kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5%), kontrol positif diinduksi trimetiltin (TMT) 0,6mg/kgBB, dan pemberian ekstrak biji teratai (100, 200, dan 400 mg/kgBB). Induksi degenerasi otak dengan TMT menggunakan dosis tunggal secara intraperitoneal. Ekstrak diberikan tiga hari pasca injeksi TMT secara oral setiap hari selama 28 hari. Pada akhir perlakuan, tes neurobehavioral dilakukan meliputi uji kecerdasan memori dengan Hebb-Williams Maze, uji keingintahuan dengan Hole-Board dan uji interaksi sosial. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran indeks organ otak. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan One-Way Anova dilanjutkan dengan uji DNMRT (P<0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji teratai dosis 200 dan 400 mg/kgBB secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan kognitif (memori, keingintahuan dan interaksi sosial) pada mencit yang diinduksi TMT, namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap indeks bobot otak. Temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa biji teratai adalah kandidat kuat untuk sumber obat anti-neurodegeneratif.
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