A retrospective descriptive study on antibiotic dosage regimen in pediatric pneumonia patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Pneumonia is one of acute respiratory tract infection which a major causes mortality in children and infant. The role of antibiotics in reducing morbidity and mortality this infectious disease is still dominant. Improper use of antibiotics can lead to the development of bacteria resistant to antibiotics and the occurrence of toxicity/side effects of drugs. The objective of this study was to determine the appropriateness of dosage regimen of antibiotics in children with pneumonia compared to standard literature. The study was conducted by retrospective descriptive analysis, using medical records of children with pneumonia during 2013. The results showed inappropriateness in several dosage regimen of antibiotics, such as chloramphenicol (5%), meropenem (50%), erythromycin (100%), azithromycin (100%), ceftazidime (100%), clindamycin (100%), ampicillin (100%) and gentamicin (100%). The inappropriateness of frequency of administration (administration interval) was also found in ampicillin (50%), gentamicin (20%), and cefotaxime (100%). The inappropriateness of dosage duration was found in amoxicillin (44.45%), chloramphenicol (45%), gentamicin (70%), meropenem (33.34%), ceftriaxone (66.67%), ampicillin (50%), cefotaxime (100%). While the route of administration of antibiotics was 100% appropriate.
Article Details
The authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication simultaneously under the Creative Commons Attribution License. This license allows others to share the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to deposit their articles in institutional repositories, on their personal websites, or in other online repositories after the article has been published in JSFK.
References
Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia. (2003). Pneumonia Komuniti: Pedoman Diagnosa dan Penatalaksanaan di Indonesia, Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia.
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2013). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2013. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan.
World Health Organization (WHO). Rational Use of Medicines. 2012 . Diakses dari https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/rational_use/en/
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2012). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2011. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan.
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Barat. (2013). Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Barat Tahun 2012. Padang: Dinas Kesehatan.
Departemen Kesehatan RI, Direktorat Bina Farmasi Komunitas dan Klinis. (2005). Pharmaceutical Care Untuk Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan. Jakarta.
Bahry, B. (1989). Kesenjangan Peresepan Pada Anak. Prosiding: Kongres Nasional VII Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia, Yogyakarta Oktober 1989, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang.
Jukemura, E. M., Burattini, M. N., Pereira, C. A., Braga, A. L., & Medeiros, E. A. (2007). Control of multi-resistant bacteria and ventilator-associated pneumonia: is it possible with changes in antibiotics?. Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 11(4), 418-422.
Huang, K. T., Tseng, C. C., Fang, W. F., & Lin, M. C. (2010). An early predictor of the outcome of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chang Gung Med J, 33(3), 274-282.
Departemen Kesehatan RI. (2009). Pelayanan Kesehatan Anak di Rumah Sakit, Pedoman Bagi Rumah Sakit Rujukan Tingkat Pertama di Kabupaten/Kota, Jakarta.
Suharjono, Y.T, Sumarno, Semedi J. (2009). Studi penggunaan antibiotika pada penderita rawat inap pneumonia (penelitian di sub Departemen Anak Rumkital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya). Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian, 6(3), 142-155.
Advisedly, A.T., Berawi, M.M. (2014). Antibiotic Utilization Of Pneumonia In Children of 0-59 Month’s Old in Puskesmas Kemiling Bandar Lampung Period Januari-October 2013 (Skripsi). Lampung; Faculty of Medicine Lampung University.
Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2011). Pedoman Umum Penggunaan Antibiotika. Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan.
Darmansjah, I. (2008). Penggunaan Antibiotika pada Pasien Anak. Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, 58(10).
Priyanto. (2009). Farmakoterapi dan Terminologi Medis. Lembaga Studi dan Konsultasi Farmakologi, Jawa Barat.
Jawetz, E. (1984). Mikrobiologi Untuk Profesi Kesehatan, Edisi 16. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.
Anonim. (2010). Efek Samping Obat. Yogyakarta: Farmakologi Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Worokarti. (2005). Peran Farmasis Dalam Pengelolaan Penderita Penyakit Infeksi Untuk Mencegah Timbulnya Resistensi Antimikroba. In: Naskah Lengkap Simposium Penyakit Infeksi dan Problema Resistensi Antimikroba. Surabaya: AMRIN Study Group and Infectious Disease Center dan FKUA RSU Dr. Soetomo. hal.55-69.
Ostapchuk, M., Donna, M.R., Richard, H.M.D., (2004). Community-Acquired Pneumoni in Infant and Children, Journal of The American Academy of Family Physicians.
Nugroho, F., Pri I.U., Ika Y. (2011). Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotika Pada Penyakit Pneumonia Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Purbalingga (Skripsi). Purwokerto: Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto.
Kaparang, P.C., Tjitrosantoso, H., & Yamlean, P.V.Y. (2014). Evaluasi Kerasionalan Penggunaan Antibiotika Pada Pengobatan Pneumonia Anak Di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUP Prof. DR. R. Kandou Manado Periode Januari-Desember 2013. Pharmacon Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 3(3), 247-254.
Shargel. (1988). Biofarmasetika dan Farmakokinetik Terapan, Edisi. 2, Penterjemah Fasich dan Siti Syamsiah. Surabaya: Penerbit Universitas Airlangga.
Dipiro, J.T., Robert, L.T., Gary, C.Y., R.M., Barbara, G.W., Michael Posey. (2011). Pharmacotheraphy; A Pathophysiology approach, Eight Ed. Mc GrawHill Companies.