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Perubahan Parameter Biokimia, Histopatologi Ginjal Tikus Spraque Dawley Pascahipoksia Oleh Ekstrak Akar Acalypha indica dan Herba Centella asiatica
Abstrak
Hipoksia kronik merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit ginjal akibat peningkatan pembentukan Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) dalam sel. Kombinasi ekstrak akar Acalypha indica 250 mg/KgBB (AI250) dan Centella asiatica 150 mg/kgBB (CA150) memiliki efek neuroterapi pada tikus Spraque Dawley pascahipoksia. Penelitian dilakukan untuk membuktikan manfaat kombinasi ekstrak etanol dan/atau ekstrak tunggalnya dapat memperbaiki kerusakan ginjal tikus pascahipoksia melalui mekanisme antioksidan. 28 tikus jantan dikelompokkan dalam 7 kelompok: kontrol normal; kontrol hipoksia+air; hipoksia+(AI200+CA150); hipoksia+(AI250+CA100); hipoksia+AI250; hipoksia+CA150; hipoksia+vitamin C. Hipoksia selama 7 hari dalam hypoxic chamber berisi O2 10% dan N2 90%, 1 atm. Setiap kelompok diberi perlakuan selama 7 hari. Pada akhir studi hewan diterminasi. Darah dan organ ginjal diambil untuk pemeriksaan biokimia dan histopatologi.
Kombinasi (AI250+CA100) menurunkan kadar MDA ginjal dan plasma secara bermakna dibandingkan kontrol hipoksia (p=0,001 dan p=0,021) dan AI250 (p=0,003 dan 0,043). Kombinasi AI250+CA100 terjadi penurunan ekspresi relatif mRNA HIF-1α (p=0,014), kadar urea plasma (p=0,001) dan perbaikan lesi intra-glomerulus p=0,013.
Kesimpulan: Kombinasi (AI250+CA100) dan tunggal AI250 memiliki aktivitas antioksidan terbaik dalam mencegah kerusakan ginjal pascahipoksia, secara biokimiawi dan histopatologinya.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/jsfk.5.3.160-168.2018
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